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• Meanwhile, in the Persian Empire, Aramaic continues to be used.
• In 168 B.C., the Maccabean Revolt takes place, where Jews rebel against the imposition of Greek rule, Greek language and Greek customs across Israel. Aramaic is the spoken language. Jews in Israel do not want Greek - although many do adopt Greek customs.
• The Roman Empire extends to Israel. Aramaic continues to be spoken by the common people, although Hebrew is still a minority spoken language, especially amongst religious Jews.